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Body Composition

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Validity of Automated Body Composition Methods in U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Cadets Throughout a 12-Week Physical Training Program: The Supporting Tactical Athlete Readiness Program

Year
2026
Institution
Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University
Topic
Body Composition

Objective

This study evaluated the accuracy of smartphone-based 3D optical scanning, including MeThreeSixty, and other portable body composition methods compared with DXA in U.S. Air Force ROTC cadets. It assessed both the accuracy of body fat percentage estimates at a single point in time and the ability to track changes throughout a 12-week physical training program.

Implications

The findings support smartphone-based 3D optical scanning as a portable and scalable approach for assessing body composition outside of traditional laboratory settings. MeThreeSixty’s 3DO technology showed strong performance in tracking body fat percentage changes over time relative to DXA, highlighting its potential for longitudinal monitoring in military, fitness, and other field-based settings.

Key takeaway

Smartphone-based 3D optical scanning demonstrated strong potential as an accessible alternative for body composition monitoring in field settings. MeThreeSixty’s 3DO technology showed the highest accuracy among the evaluated methods for tracking changes in body fat percentage over the 12-week training program relative to DXA. The findings also highlight the value of automated technologies for improving standardization and reducing the variability associated with traditional manual measurements. Overall, the study supports 3DO as a scalable approach for monitoring body composition changes over time.

CitationsAustin J Graybeal, Sheena Puleali’i, AETC, USAF, Christian Rodriguez, Antonella V Schwarz, Molly F Johnson, Maria G Kaylor, Andrew Addison, Hunter Haynes (2026). Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Validity of Automated Body Composition Methods in U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Cadets Throughout a 12-Week Physical Training Program: The Supporting Tactical Athlete Readiness Program
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Paper summary

Topic
Body Composition
Authors
Austin J Graybeal, Sheena Puleali’i, AETC, USAF, Christian Rodriguez, Antonella V Schwarz, Molly F Johnson, Maria G Kaylor, Andrew Addison, Hunter Haynes
Published
2026
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